소개글
건강, 안전, 환경문제와 Nanotechnology(영문)에 대한 자료입니다.
목차
1.Nanotechnology: Health, Safety, and Environment.
2.Occurance of nanoscale particulate materials.
3.Potential bio-uptake of nanoscale particulates.
4.Semiconductor nanoparticules.
5.Wahrheit (Dupont), January 2004.
6.Presentation, ACS, January, 2004
7.Concerns about granulomas and fibers.
8.Observations and tentative conclusions.
9.Governmental regulation - particulate matter.
10.Problem areas for regulation of particulates.
11.NSF Guidelines for Nanocenter Research.
본문내용
Granulomas (miscropic nodules), consisting particles, live and dead cells, and debris and could impair cellular and physiological (gas exchange) lung functions and give rise to fibrosis, more defined nodules, and other lesions.
Fibers are generally of more health hazard than other forms of particulates. It is well established that the pathogenicity of a fiber in the lungs directly correlates with its biopersistency(Oberdorster 2000).
NTs are totally insoluble and probably one of the most biologically nondegradable man-made materials.Determining how the NT-induced granulomas progress would require a longer-duration study with this biopersistent material.
• Granulomas were observed in lungs 7 d or 90 d after an instillation of 0.5 mg NT per mouse (also in some with 0.1 mg);
• NT, regardless synthetic methods, types and amounts of residual catalytic metals, produced granulomas;
• Lung lesions in the 90-d NT groups, in most cases, more pronounced than those in the 7-d groups.
• Our study shows that, on an equal-weight basis, if carbon nanotubes reach the lungs, they are much more toxic than carbon black and can be more toxic than quartz, which is considered a serious occupational health hazard in chronic inhalation exposures.
• If fine NT dusts are present in a work environment, exposure protection strategies should be implemented to minimize human exposures.
Strong chemical and materials hygiene.
HS&E educational program for all participants.
Protection against inhalation and dermal exposure.
Proper procedures for handling of potentially hazardous materials.
Strict adherence to government and institutional regulations.
Proper disposal of waste materials.
Dissemination of information regarding potential hazards.
Proper reporting of all reportable incidents.