분야
hwp FADE IN:
Credits run in counterpoint through a 7 to 10 minute sequence of
documentary images setting the tone of John F. Kennedys Presidency and
the atmosphere of those tense times, 1960 through 1963. An omniscient
narrators voice marches us through in old time Pathe newsreel fashion.
VOICE
January, 1961 - President Dwight D. Eisenhowers
Farewell Address to the Nation -
EISENHOWER ADDRESS
EISENHOWER
The conjunction of an immense military
establishment and a large arms industry is new
in the American experience. The total influence
- economic, political, even spiritual - is felt
in every city, every statehouse, every office of
the Federal Government ... In the councils of
government we must guard against the acquisition
of unwarranted influence, whether sought or
unsought, by the military industrial complex.
The potential for the disastrous rise of
misplaced power exists and will persist ... We
must never let the weight of this combination
endanger our liberties or democratic processes.
We should take nothing for granted ...
ELECTION IMAGERY
School kids reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. WPA films of farmers
harvesting the Texas plains. Rain, thunderheads, a dusty car coming
from far away on a road moving towards Dallas. Cowboys round up the
cattle. Young marrieds in a church. Hillsides of tract homes going up.
The American breadbasket, the West. Over this we hear Eisenhowers
address. As we move into the election campaign of 1960, we see the TV
debates, Nixon vs. Kennedy, Mayor Daley, Kennedy victorious ...
Against this is juxtaposed other forces: segregation, J. Edgar Hoover,
military advisors, Castro, Marilyn Monroe, Lumumba ... three frames of
the Zapruder film counter-cut ... ending with the Kennedy inauguration
and the irony of Earl Warren administering the oath as he will Kennedys
eulogy.
VOICE 2
November, 1960 - Senator John F. Kennedy of
Massachusetts wins one of the narrowest election
victories in American history over the Vice-
President Richard Nixon by a little more than
100,000 votes. Rumors abound that he stole the
election in Illinois through the Democratic
political machine of Mayor Daley ...
(inauguration shots)
At his inauguration, at a time when American
males all wore hats, he let his hair blow free
in the wind. Alongside his beautiful and
elegant wife of French origin, Jacqueline
Bouvier, J.F.K. is the symbol of the new freedom
of the 1960s, signifying change and upheaval to
the American public, scaring many and hated
passionately by some. To win the election and
to appease their fears, Kennedy at first takes a
tough Cold War stance.
BAY OF PIGS IMAGERY
The beach, the bombardment, the rounding up of prisoners, Kennedys
public apology, Allen Dulles standing next to J.F.K., both uncomfortable
with the small talk ...
VOICE 3
He inherits a secret war against the Communist
Castro dictatorship in Cuba, a war run by the
CIA and angry Cuban exiles out of bases in the
Southern United States, Panama, Nicaragua and
Guatemala. Castro is a successful revolutionary
frightening to American business interests in
Latin America - companies like Cabots United
Fruit, Continental Can, and Rockefellers
Standard Oil. This war culminates in the
disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion in April 1961,
when Kennedy refuses to provide air cover for
the exile brigade. Of the 1600 men who invade,
114 are killed, 1200 are captured. The Cuban
exiles and the CIA are furious at Kennedys
irresolution ... Kennedy, taking public
responsibility for the failure, privately claims
the CIA lied to him and tried to manipulate him
into ordering an all-out American invasion of
Cuba. He vows to splinter the CIA into a
thousand pieces and fires Director Allen Dulles,
Deputies Charles Cabell and Richard Bissell, the
top leadership of the Agency.
SECRET WAR IMAGERY
Cuban rallies, footage of training camps, espionage activities, boats,
cases of weapons, Robert Kennedy ... John Roselli, Sam Giancana, Santos
Trafficante, Richard Helms (the new CIA chief), Bill Harvey, Head of
ZR/RIFLE, Howard Hunt ...
VOICE 4
The CIA, however, continues its secret war on
Castro with dozens of sabotage and assassination
attempts under its ZR/RIFLE and MONGOOSE
programs - The Agency collaborates with
organized crime elements such as John Roselli,
Sam Giancana, and Santos Trafficante of Tampa,
whose casino operations in Cuba, worth more than
a hundred million dollars a year in income,
Castro has shut down.
CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
Khrushchev, Kennedy, Castro on television, meetings with Cabinet,
Russian vessels in Caribbean, U.S. nuclear bases on alert, civilians
going to underground safe areas ... the Russian ship turning around, the
country smiling ...
VOICE 5
In October 1962, the world comes to the brink of
nuclear war when Kennedy quarantines Cuba after
announcing the presence of offensive Soviet
nuclear missiles 90 miles off American shores.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the CIA c
