영문초록
This paper examines the crowd-out effects of the three types of social welfare spending on each other: (1) cash assistance spending, (2) medical assistance spending, and (3) social services spending. In doing so, it employs a fixed-effects model and utilizes panel data covering 1980 to 2004 for 50 states. Empirical findings are intersting. Medical assistance spending has crowd-out effects on social services spending and vice versa. The size of crowd-out effect flowing from medical assistance spending to social services spending is quite comparable to the crowd-out effect size flowing from social services spending to medical assistance spending. Medical assistance spending has crowd-in effects on cash assistance spending and vice versa. The size of crowd-in effect flowing from medical assistance spending to cash assistance spending is three times as large as the crowd-in effect size flowing from cash assistance spending to medical assistance spending. Social services spending and cash assistance spending have neither crowd-out nor crowd-in effects on each other. These findings suggest that a recent continuing expansion of health care spending in state budgets has cut spending for people in need of non-health social services from state and local governments.
분야
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