Clinical Trials
Ⅰ. About Clinical Trial.
1. Definition of clinical trials
Although there are many definitions of clinical trials, they are generally considered to be biomedical or health-related research studies in human beings that follow a pre-defined protocol. Observational studies are those in which individuals are observed and their outcomes are measured by the investigators.
2.
Clinical Question
COPD로 규칙적인 외래치료를 받고 있던
68세 남자 흡연자가 호흡곤란으로 응급실에 내원하였을 때
tiotropium 사용의 효과는?
Patient : COPD 치료를 받고 있는 68세 남자 흡연자
Intervention : tiotropium (anti-cholinergic bronchodilator)
Comparison : conventional therapy (salmeterol, SABA)
Outcome : COPD 악화에 대
Background
Continue to threaten global health. (Covid-19)
Older age, current smoking, or underlying clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and cancer : high risk for severe Covid-19 and associated adverse outcomes.
Twice as likely to have progression to severe Covid-19 and five times as likely to die from Covid-19 as patients without those conditions.
A
Management
Three factors that usually are considered
1) Fetal age and thus maturity
2) Labor
3) Bleeding and its severity
? Preterm + no persistent active bleeding
→ Close observation
? Near term + not bleeding
→ Scheduled cesarean delivery
※ Timing is important to maximize fetal growth but to minimize the possibility of antepartum hemorrhage.
※ Data are sparse rega
월경 주기는 직접적으로는 난소, 간접적으로는 SHBG Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
, PRL prolactine
GnRH 분비와 응고인자에 의해 영향을 받는다. 불임여성에서 자가면역성 갑상선질환의 유병률이 높으며, 특히 자궁내막증과 다낭성난소증후군을 동반하는 경우가 많다. 생식보조술 사용시 자가면역성 갑상선질환