value. This implies that the company has relatively lower proportion of liabilities in its assets. This further stretches out to an assumption that the company has greater capability in paying debt back in next 12 months, hence inhabiting higher probability in meeting creditors’ demands.
- Considering the industry’s exclusive characteristics, there are no inventories for both companies. Thus
value]
- 실험에서 여러 번 측정 경우, 앞에서 읽은 값과 다른 갑을 간혹 얻는다. 이 경우 이들 두값을 평균하여 나타낸다. 가장 일반적인 평균값은 산술평균(arithmetical mean), 측정값 a와 b일 때, 산술 평균은 (a +b) / 2, 측정 값이 무질서하게 변하지 않는다면, 기하평균(geometric mean)을 이용. 두수 a와 b의 기하
value of common equity
+ Net effect of transactions with common shareholders
+ Capital contributions (share issues)
- Share repurchases
- Dividends
= Net cash contribution (negative net dividends)
+ Effect of operations and non-equity financing
+ Net income (from income statement)
+ Other comprehensive income
- Preferred dividends
= Comprehensive income (available to
value of consumers for goods The value of consumers also mean 'money' as well as the energy, time, space, self-esteem, and image, etc., In modern society due to economic development and diversification of income growth and culture consumption, itself became important activity more than basic living activity consumption also perform critical functions as Medium forming Social relations, and as sys
from affiliate 159 48 1 1 2
gross profit 2 161 219 93 53
As you can see above, loss from affiliate in 2009 increased a lot compare to 2008. It means that there is insufficient information to evaluate operating performance just by income statements. Thus investigation of cash flow statements is needed. Further analysis regarding cash flow statement will be dealt in problem D.