Epidemiology and clinical manifestations
Chickenpox
- Rash, low-grade fever, malaise
- Benign to immunocompetent patient
- Skin lesion : Hallmark of infection
maculopapule -> vesicle, scabs
(over hours to days)
Trunk and face -> other areas of the body
- Immunocompromised patients: hemorrhagic based lesion
immunocompetent)와 면역부전자(immunocompromised)에 생기는 폐렴은 양상이 다르다. 한편 폐렴이 진행되는 양상에 따라 급성폐렴(acute pneumonia)과 만성폐렴(chronic pneumonia)으로 나누기도 한다. 또한 평균보다 늦게 호전되는 폐렴, 재발한 폐렴도 있다. 해부학적인 분류로는 대엽성 폐렴과 기관지 폐렴 등이 있다. 폐
may be related to viral hepatitis.
Hepatitis C virus infection is found in 20%-60% of patients with PHL.
Virus may play a role in the pathogenesis of PHL.
PHL is also seen in immunocompromised patients, but the relationship between PHL occurrence and immune deficiency has not yet been reported.
PHL also could occur in immunocompetent patients without any prior liver disease.
Development background
2. History of development
1960s
Discovery of colony-stimulating factors (CSF)
1980s
GM-CSF, M-CSF, G-CSF and multi-CSF
The human G-CSF was cloned
Usage for the treatment at first
1990s
first approval of Filgrastim by the US Food and Drug Administration
Launched Lenograstim
2000s
Launched PEG-filgrastim