of the Carnot cycle. The Rankine cycle shown here prevents the vapor ending up in the superheat region after the expansion in the turbine,
Actual Rankine cycle
In a real Rankine cycle, the compression by the pump and the expansion in the turbine are not isentropic. In other words, these processes are non-reversible and entropy is increased during the two processes. This somewhat increases the
To prevent silicon from agglomerating
→ should cool the solid quickly
Rapid cooling
→ large thermal gradient in crystal
Postulate K=20W/m K
Diameter of wafer: 10-20 cm
L (latentheatof fusion) = 340 cal/g
Temperature gradient in silicon CZ (dT/dx) : 100°C/cm
Able to dissipate limited amount ofheat flux.
Lower coefficient of performance than vapor-compression systems.
Relegated to low heat flux applications.
More total heat to remove than without a TEC.
▪ Mini contact : TEC – Silicon Chip
▪ Concentrating the TEC Power on a Small Area
▪ TEC with 20μm-thick Bi2Te3
▪ 10W
▪ 1250μm x 1250μm Copper Mi
ofheat include body sweat and muscle pain.
___ (b) Hot weather causes a variety of problems.
(4) ___ (a) We cannot see bacteria or viruses without a microscope.
___ (b) Many micro-organisms are invisible to the unaided eye.
(5) ___ (a) Temperature affects water.
___ (b) At 0°C water freezes; at 100°C it vaporizes.
Essay Writing Practice
Exercise 1
Write one or more sentences that giv
Ⅳ. 전력공학의 공식
1. 물의 위치수두
1) 정의
수두를 헤드라고도 한다. 단위는 길이의 차원이나 위치 에너지를 구하는 기본이 되는 값이며, h는 수면의 높이이다. 즉, 단위 무게 [kg]당의 물이 갖는 에너지를 말한다.
2) 공식
위치 수두 = H [m]
2. 물의 압력수두
1) 정의
수관 속의 유수의 압력은 유