Politeness principle,
Like Cooperative principle
Lakoff suggests,
Don’t impose
Give options
Make your receiver feel good
No immediate practical purpose
may be taken or left as the receiver wishes
There is no burden!
But,
literary texts
take up a great deal of time
⇒ burdensome!
Both keep and break the maxim,
‘Don’t impose
presuppositions including actor’s formal structure and knowledge. Third, the formal-typical idealizations of the theory are then tested and used to analyze action. Fourth, the rationality of the action is evaluated in a virtual, reflexive discourse. Rational choice theory can only understands language use, while ethnomethodology can only thematize and alter the way in communication takes place.
1-1 인간과 언어
언어 능력은 대부분 일정한 교육을 통해서만 가지게 된다.==> X 언어 능력은 일정한 교육을 통한 학습에서 이루어지는 것보다는 생활환경에서 부모로부터 전통적으로 자연스럽게 습득된다. 이것은 인간 언어만의 고유한 특징인 전승성(traditional transmission)에 해당한다.
언어 : 우리의
Construct of CC (Michael Canale & Merril Swain)
Grammatical Competence
: aspect of CC that encompasses “knowledge of lexical items and rules of morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar semantics, and phonology.”
Discourse Competence
: the ability we have to connect sentences in stretches of discourse and to form a meaningful whole out of a series of utterances.
→ Reflect the us