price is larger, then show.
For the put options,
=IF((EXP(-$D$5*옵션가격!$K$2)*(B13*$I$5+B15*$J$5))volatility
Volatility for Call and Put options at 10 Stock Prices respectively>
Call Put
K call
3) Put Option Valuation
A Pall Option confers the right on its holder, without the obligation, to sell the underlying asset at a certain date for a certain price. Only a little extra work is needed to value put options. Basically , we just pretend that a put option is a call option and use the Black-Scholes formula to value it. We then use the put-call parity condition to solve for the put valu
Time value
Time value is, as above, the difference between option value and intrinsic value, i.e.
Time Value = Option Value - Intrinsic Value.
More specifically, an option's time value reflects the probability that the option will gain in intrinsic value or become profitable to exercise before it expires. An important factor is the option's volatility. Volatile prices of the underlying in
price in the period was $86.74 in Feb. 24th ,2012.
To calculate standard deviation, first, we counted 125 working days during the 6-month observation period because of public holidays in the United States (Christmas day, New year’s day, Martin Luther King day, Valentine’s day, President’s day, Good Friday). Second, the equation for historical volatility is: σ=s/√τ,with s=√(1/(n-1
확률 보행 & Brownian Motion
Ito’s process
dx = a(x,t)dt+b(x,t)dz
Generalized Weiner process
dx = adt+bdz
Brownian motion
ds/s = μdt+σdz
랜덤워크의 시간의 간격이 매우 작다면 이는Brownian Motion에 가깝게 된다.
The Stock Price Assumption
주식의 가격을 S
매우 짧은 시간의 간격을 Dt 라 하자.
주식의 기대수익률