Process Selection Considerations
Selection of an activated-sludge process for BOD removal and nitrification is a function of many considerations including specific site constraints, compatibility with the existing process, compatibility with existing equipment, present and future treatment needs, level of capability of the operating staff, capital costs, and operating cost.
Complete-mix activ
Do not use expansive catalyst
Do not need reforming
Do not need electrolyte supplement
Price is cheaper than others
Technical characteristic
simple process caused by various fuels
(Natural gas/coal gas)
Do not need reforming
(only for using hydrogen)
variety form and high efficiency are possible because components are solid
2) Fuels
(1) Solidfuels: Coal and Biomass
Coalis
one
of
most
important
fuel
in
Korea
for
electricity
production
and
other
industrial uses. It consists of the remains of vegetation deposits of past geologic ages,
after subjection of biochemical actions, high pressure, temperature, and submersion. The
characteristics
of
Abb. For Polyvinylidene fluoride.
high purity polymers, particularly well suited to a number of fuel cell applications, including :
proton exchange membranes
conductive bipolar flow plates
cell plate coatings
Polymer behave like molecular sieves in the solid state
Internal surface area is wide
Pore size can be controlled up to nano-scale
Organic polymer is good one to be PIMs
Op
solid 에서는 (1atm, at T) ∴
( )
이것으로 standard-state free energy를 나타낸다.
표 3에 나타낸 것은 온도와 H2O의 상태에 따른 , 그리고 한계효율이다. 한계효율은 로 정의된 것이다. 이제 의 온도에 대한 관계를 고려하여 정리된 식은 다음과 같다.
Nernst식으로 주어진 cell의 기전력은 열역학적 가역상태에