of the total profit becomes net income.
4) Reservation System
Travelers can make a reservation directly through its own website and well-known accommodation searching websites made by foreign intermediaries. If guests make a reservation through travel-related booking websites, the owner pays the website businesses as much as 10 percent of the room rates that were charged to the custom
● Definition of plasma
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solid, liquid, and gas. It is an ionized gas consisting of a collection ofcharged particles, including ions, electrons, and neutral atoms or molecules. Plasma can be found naturally in the universe in the form of stars, lightning, and auroras, but it can also be artificially created and controlled for
Introduction (What is plasma?)
1. Definition of plasma
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solid, liquid, and gas. It is an ionized gas consisting of a collection ofcharged particles, including ions, electrons, and neutral atoms or molecules. Plasma can be found naturally in the universe in the form of stars, lightning, and auroras, but it can also be artif
charge transport
Basic principle of solar cell
When light is illuminated at cell, the photons are absorbed in the organic layers.
The excitons diffuse to interface between donor and acceptor.
The excitons are separated by electron and hole.
The separated electron and hole move to the electrodes, respectively.
An exciton is a bound stateof an electron and hole which are attracted to e
of MOS-capacitor on p- and n-type Si
The C-V data depends on the measurement frequency as well.
[Figure 11] Measured C-V characteristics on an P-type, N-type Si
2.4 Graph shifting
In MOS structure, we should consider non ideal effects when measure the capacitance according to applied voltage. They are 'fixed charge', 'mobile charge', and 'surface states'. When the fixed charge exists