Spoken English
How TAM systems are used in actual discourse contexts.
(narratives and conversations)
2. Tense-Aspect-Modality
3. Frame-Elaboration
4. Discourse-pragmatic features & Semantic features
(considering communicative motivation for language use
& semantic oppositions)
What is Frame and Elaboration?
Frame : ‘Present Pe
features and weakness. They are 1) tense and aspect of the verbs, 2) modal verbs, and 3) relative pronouns. Therefore we deal with the 3parts and the reason why we chose those 3 parts as the most difficult lesson for the Korean students in the rationale and introduce the way they are shown in the textbook with its weakness and recommendation in the main discourse.
2) Rationale
we choose the
features of an ideal type. Second, the analysis of the ideal type reveals actors’ presuppositions including actor’s formal structure and knowledge. Third, the formal-typical idealizations of the theory are then tested and used to analyze action. Fourth, the rationality of the action is evaluated in a virtual, reflexive discourse. Rational choice theory can only understands language use, while
Construct of CC (Michael Canale & Merril Swain)
Grammatical Competence
: aspect of CC that encompasses “knowledge of lexical items and rules of morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar semantics, and phonology.”
Discourse Competence
: the ability we have to connect sentences in stretches of discourse and to form a meaningful whole out of a series of utterances.
→ Reflect the us
Politeness principle,
Like Cooperative principle
Lakoff suggests,
Don’t impose
Give options
Make your receiver feel good
No immediate practical purpose
may be taken or left as the receiver wishes
There is no burden!
But,
literary texts
take up a great deal of time
⇒ burdensome!
Both keep and break the maxim,
‘Don’t impose