of education, life expectancy, urbanization, corruption perception index, CO2 emission. We excluded the innate and natural factors here because those factors are not easy to identify the difference between indicators, additionally when there is homogeneity between countries, those factors cannot be the critical variables to evaluate our model for IQ. The following is the definition of our predict
data were specified in detailed product report so we didn’t make any assumptions.
⑤Cost of component parts
Formula: Total labor cost + Material cost + Total overhead
⑥Unit Margin
Formula : Selling price- Cost of component parts
⑦Fixed Cost
The fixed cost is already on the financial statement, so we only had to calculate the appropriate value.
estimating the risk premium used in financial asset pricing models is to base them on historical data. When we choose to use historical premium, we had better go back as far as we can. In addition, we must be consistent in the use of the risk free rate and we use the geometric risk premium, so in this case, we use long-term T-bond risk premium as a MRP.
③ Beta
The beta of a firm is determ
models of Internet adaptation types, business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) are mainly concerned as electronic commerce.
Currently at least 80 per cent of total e-commerce activity is conducted in form of B2B. Most firms that are classified into B2B have universal business system. A recent Goldman Sachs report estimates that firms’ possible savings from purchasing over th
measures may be non-financial, such as delivery or queuing time.
In some businesses, strategy is seen as involving organizational learning rather than as a top-down, centralized process. In this business model, management accounting may be used as part of an interactive communication process both within the organization and between the organization and its customers and suppliers.