structure, we should consider non ideal effects when measure the capacitance according to applied voltage. They are 'fixed charge', 'mobile charge', and 'surface states'. When the fixed charge exists in oxide layer, it causes entire curve of graph to shift to the [Figure 12] C-V graph shift by direction of bias
side. These charges are generated by ions came in the process of deposition of oxide
electronic map. Traveling time is calculated by processing real-time data transmitted from a gathering device. It is also calculated by a traffic information calculating unit that is set up by fusing with the road’s past traffic information data. According to the demand of users, the optimum route, traveling time, and other necessary information is calculated.
Transmitting Traffic Information
calculated and compared. Obviously, cultural factor has played a significant role in Wal-Mart’s failure. But, if we do not have a deep understanding of factors such as market conditions, companies’ strategies, and consumer sophistications, cultural approaches can become a lopsided interpretation of the matter. Therefore, to have a balanced and overall view of a company’s condition, we belie
electrons in metals, respectively, is independent of the semiconductor doping and applied bias.
Reverse Bias
Now we can consider the effects forward bias station. Figure 3.21a the reverse bias (metal and a negative voltage between the N-type semiconductors) shows the case of . N-type semiconductor with a negative voltage applied to the metal and the amount of which is the semiconductor Fe