Laboratory Monitoring of Patients with HIV Infection
Patients with CD4+ T cell counts <200/L are at high risk of disease from P. jiroveci, while patients with CD4+ T cell counts <50/L are at high risk of disease from CMV, mycobacteria of the M. avium complex (MAC), and/or T. gondii. Patients with HIV infection should have CD4+ T cell measurements performed at the time of diagnosis and every 3&
Occlusive aortic disease caused by atherosclerosis
: usually confined to the distal abdominal aorta below the renal arteries
The severity of the symptoms depends on the adequacy of collaterals
With sufficient collateral blood flow
: a complete occlusion of the abdominal aorta may occur without the development of ischemic symptoms.
Acute occlusion in the distal abdomi
aortic dissection 받은 환자에게 행하는 장기적인 치료:
beta blockers 나 다른 antihypertensive agents(ACE inhibitors 나 calcium antagonist)를 사용하여 hypertension 조절 과 cardiac contractility 억제
detect propagation or expansion을 감지하기 위해 외래에서 6-12달 마다 contrast-enhanced CT or MRI가 시행되어야 한다.
-dissections을
Gram’s stain sensitivity = 60 - 90%
Depends on organism, experience, #
Culture sensitivity = 80 - 90%
Latex agglutination becoming more widely used due to simplicity and accuracy
PBL Analysis
21 year-old male
History of transplantation (twice)
Treatment included Cellcept, Prograft, methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis
Cause depression of immune activity
Present to the ER complaining of severe headaches, nuchal rigidity, tachycardia, rigors
Positive Brudzinski and Kernig signs
CT scan of the head revealed no intracranial abnormalities
CS