Keff, Km, Kp : the effective thermal conductivities of the composite,
Metal matrix, Particles
φp : the volume fraction of reinforcements
a : the diameter of the reinforcement
- hc : the boundary conductivity.
Advantage
The air travels across the short
length of the fins laterally, rather than longitudinally down
the long length.
Focused on placing
BulkGibbs free energy of formation of the amorphous oxide islarger than that of the corresponding crystalline oxide.
Thin filmThe thin amorphous metal-oxide film on its metal substrate can be stable modification with respect to the corresponding crystalline metal-oxide film the same substrate.
1. Interaction contribution to the -interfacial energy
Following the treat
Synthesis
Grafting onto
“Grafting-onto” involves the chemical reaction preformed, functionalized polymers with surfaces containing complementary functional groups
Grafting from
‘‘Grafting-from’’ involves an in situ polymerization of an initiator functionalized surface with monomer.
Grafting onto
“Grafting-onto” involves the chemical reaction preformed, functionalized p
1. Objective 1)
PVA(poly(vinyl alcohol)) is prepared by hydrolysis of PVAc(poly(vinyl acetate)), which is synthesized by emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate.
2. Theory
1) Monomer 7)
A monomer is an atom or a small molecule that may bind chemically to other monomers to form a polymer. The term "monomeric protein" may also be used to describe one of the proteins making up a multiprote
1. Monolayer of molecules formed by self-assembly ie., the structures are formed
without external intervention.
2. The structure is organized by utilizing weak interactions such as
H-bonding, van der Waals interactions and there are numerous
interactions of this kind in a structure which make it stable.
3. Nature uses the same process of self-assembly to produce comple