-Intraperitoneal Disorders
Visceral obstruction and inflammation of hollow and solid viscera may produce vomiting as the main symptom. Gastric obstruction results from ulcer disease and malignancy, while small-bowel and colonic obstruction occur because of adhesions, benign or malignant tumors, volvulus, intussusception, or inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease. The superior mesenteric
neuromusculardisorders, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hypoventilation and oxygen desaturation deteriorate during sleep secondary to a decrement in ventilatory response to hypoxia and increased PaCO2. In addition, diminished muscle tone develops during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep, which further exacerbates hypoventilation secondary to insufficient respirat
Muscle spasm은 chronic 또는 acute trauma , excessive tension 또는 organic disorders에 대 한 보호기전으로서 잠재적인 통증이나 손상에 대해 보호하고 관절움직임으로 인한 통증을 막기 위해 spinal reflex로 발현되는 근육의 불수의적인 수축이다.(Brown 1828) 그러나 외상뿐만 아니라 통증은 그 자극에 의해 pain-spasm-pain cycle