1. The importance of dental care
1) Dental caries
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, is an infection, bacterial in origin, that causes demineralization and destruction of the hard tissues (enamel, dentin and cementum), usually by production of acid by bacterial fermentation of the food debris accumulated on the tooth surface. If demineralization exceeds saliva and other r
of the biomass for solving the problem of biofuel production, and it can be used not only for biodiesel production but also for bioethanol production. Bioethanol can be produced by starch from algae through hydrolyze, pre-treatment and fermentation process, After algae produce sugar or starch from carbon dioxide, sunlight and water, those free complex carbohydrates turned into fermentable sources
New Alternative Energy Source!!
Biodiesel
Bioethanol
Biogas
Biobutanol
A gaseous, liquid, or solid
substance of biological
origin that is used as a fuel
Cost-effective
Sustainable
Alternate gasoline
1st Generation: Food Sources
Food-Energy Conflicts, Farmland Problem
2nd Generation: Cellulosic Source
Difficul
Enzymes responsible for synthesis
themselves synthesized
Appear effect at high level of Phytoalexins
Definition
natural antimicrobial compounds
commonly found in fruits and vegetables
Application of Organic Acids
food preservatives
Why? active against a wide range of
microorganisms
of raw materials for the production of fuel ethanol. Lignocellulosic materials can be obtained at low cost from a variety of resources, e.g. forest residues, municipal solid waste, waste paper, and crop residue resources. These materials contain sugars polymerized in form of cellulose and hemicellulose, which can be liberated by hydrolysis and subsequently fermented to ethanol by microorganisms.