of New York State is very different from the versions of English spoken natively in Georgia or Texas. Like all languages, English varies extensively and systematically according to a number of social factors, including the region where the speaker was brought up. Sociolinguistics, the scientific study of that variation, seeks to observe, record, describe, and ultimately explain its occurrence.
1.The Structure of Language
The units of language
•Physical characteristics
•Word’s meaning
Ex) tree[tri:] - a tall plant that has a hard trunk, branches, and leaves.
Phoneme
The smallest segmental unit of sound
e.g. kit, skill - /k/
Morpheme
The minimal formal element of meaning in language
e.g. inconceivable
Syntax
The composition of phra
Sociolinguistic competence
Strategic competence
Intercultural Communicative Competence
*
2. Language Acquisition Device and
Critical Period Hypothesis
아동의 모국어 습득 현상을 설명하기위한 가설
Language Acquisition Device(LAD) 이론(Chomsky, 1965)
linguistic LAD grammatical input (Universal Grammar) competence
In order to be able to explain the child’s mastery of L1 in su
Reflect the use of the linguistic system itself
Sociolinguistic Competence
: the knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of discourse.
Strategic Competence
: the verbal and nonverbal communication strategies that may be called into action to compensate for breakdowns in communication due to performance variables or due to insufficient competence
(Canale & Swain)
sociolinguistics)이라는 술어는 영어에서 왔는데, 이는 사회와 언어학의 두 단어가 결합된 것이다. 그렇다고 사회언어학은 사회학과 언어학의 단순한 합이 아니며 사회학 연구 분야와 언어학 연구 분야의 기계적인 결합도 아니다. 또한 사회학적 이론과 방법으로 언어를 연구하는 것도 아니다. 사회언어학