factor (BDNF), which is expressed abundantly in adult limbic structures. Support for this ‘BDNF hypothesis’ has come from a large preclinical literature showing that several forms of stress reduce BDNF-mediated signaling in the hippocampus, whereas chronic treatment with antidepressants increases BDNF-mediated signaling. BDNF hypothesis, which came from support of many studies, states about
menstruation normally but suffer from amenorrhea(absence of periods)
in later years
General factors
- thyroid disorders, adrenal disease
- presence of autoimmune antibodies
- heavy alcohol use, drugs, toxins (pesticides and lead), smoking,
medicines, radiation treatment, chemotherapy for cancer, etc.
-smokingreduces the age of menopause
trauma, cytokines and growth factors, etc. Conversionof arachidonic acid to prostanoid endproducts is carried out by cyclooxygenases (COX), also known as prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS), at two different sites on the enzyme.
Arachidonic acid is initially cyclized and oxidized to the endoperoxide PGG2 at the cyclooxygenase site of the COX and the product then reduced to a second endoperoxide PGH
Occlusive aortic disease caused by atherosclerosis
: usually confined to the distal abdominal aorta below the renal arteries
The severity of the symptoms depends on the adequacy of collaterals
With sufficient collateral blood flow
: a complete occlusion of the abdominal aorta may occur without the development of ischemic symptoms.
Acute occlusion in the distal abdomi
< Antisocial personality disorder >
Definition
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD) is defined by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual as "...a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood." The individual must be age 18 or older, as well as ha