democratic decisions usually subvert the logic of market.
"Depoliticize the economy!”
They argue that the scope of government activity
should be reduced through privatization and liberalization.
Such restraints can be provided
by rigid rules that constrain government choices or
by the establishment of politically independent agencies.
"Depoliticize the economy!”
ZARA and INDITEX
to democratize
fashion by offering
the Latest fashion
in Medium quality
at Affordable price
Product
Variety, speed-to-market
Quick Response system
-11,000 different products every year
Quickly follow and respond to the current fashion trends
4 to 5 weeks to design new products
2 weeks to redesign those products
Withdrawn from shops within a week
election, it was held in April 11th, 2012, and to make it brief, the conservative party, Saenuri party, won the election with majority of seats over Democratic United party, which is liberal. We cannot judge their welfare policies just by looking at the result of election, however, it is somewhat related because those are the policies and promises that people wanted to have in their life.
What is welfare & the need of evaluation
State of being happy and healthy and prosperous
Economic Assistance
Promotes well-being, ‘for the benefits of all’
-> An effort to improve people’s quality of life
The 19th General Election
Saenuri Party: The conservative
Democratic United Party: The liberal
Cannot judge the election just by looking at the parties’ welfare policy.
- During WWII, Korea occupied by Japan.
- After WWII, Korea was divided into two
: the 38th parallel
- Political Division (The Cold War)
: Communist gov. VS Capitalist gov
USA: supported ROK(South Korea)
The USA supported Syngman Rhee
who was a pro-American democrat
USSR: supported DPRK(North Korea)
The USSR supported Il Sung Kim
who was fond of communism
Democratic Vistas>에서 미국사회의 물질주의적
인 경향을 비판하고 '인격주의'의 필요성 주장
1862 남북전쟁 시 부상병 간호
1865 남북전쟁을 소재로 하는 [북소리]출판, 이듬해에 링컨대통령 추모시
발표
1867 풀잎 4판 개정
1892 폐렴으로 사망
2. 『Leaves of Grass』
▶ 『풀잎』(Leaves of Grass) 는 1855년 휘
their student ?
students' rights are important,
but teachers' authority to teach students well is also crucial.
Therefore,
teachers must have the right to inflict a certain level of corporal punishment on students who behave overly improper, ignoring teachers in class. Students who are accustomed to disturbing the basic public order will not grow up to be democratic citizens
2. Government
Ministers: appointed by the Prime Minister.
The Cabinet is dependent on the confidence of the parliament.
The Prime Minister can dissolve the parliament .
The cabinet is consisted of only one party.
= No Coalition
=The executive is dominant.
→Majoritarian Model
Spain has the Written Constitution.
- The constitution guarantees
Democratic life
Human R
Parties and party system
Both the Netherlands and Belgium have complex multi-party systems
Both use proportional representation that smaller parties can enter parliament
Cleavages in parties
Religion
significant but slowly diminishing
Class and ideology
separated liberals and social democrats
Emerging cleavages
anti-immigrants and anti-European sentiment
․붕괴 → 민주화 이행 → 민주주의 공고화 세 단계로 이해하는 것이 일반적
3. 민주주의 공고화(Democratic Consolidation): 새로이 형성된 민주주의가 오래도록 지속되게 하는 것이며 권위주의체제로의 회귀나 민주주의를 거스르려는 흐름을 방지하는 것(Schedler, 1998)
4. 민주화 과정의 특징 및 평가