분야
hwp1. 환경정책의 개념······················ 1
(1) 환경정책의 정의·························· 1
(2) 환경정책의 범위·························· 1
(3) 환경정책의 대상으로서의 문제···················· 1
(4) 환경정책의 특성·························· 2
2. 환경정책의 목표······················ 2
(1) 환경정책목표의 의의························ 2
(2) 환경정책의 기본이념························ 3
제 2 절 환경정책의 기본원칙 ············· 3
1. 사전예방의 원칙······················3
(1) 의의 ······························· 3
(2) 사후적인 대중요법적 정책의 문제점················· 4
(3) 사전예방적 정책의 적용사례·····················4
2. 오염원인자 부담원칙····················4
(1) 의의 ······························· 4
(2) 오염원인자 부담원칙의 문제점 ··················· 4
(3) 오염원인자 부담원칙의 실태 ···················· 5
(4) 오염원인자 부담원칙의 보완 ···················· 5
3. 상호협력의 원칙······················5
(1) 의의 ······························· 5
(2) 상호협력의 원칙의 장단점 ····················· 6
(3) 상호협력의 원칙의 추진방향 ···················· 6
제 3 절 환경정책의 수단······················6
1. 규제적 정책수단······················6
(1) 정부의 직접규제의 의의 ······················ 6
(2) 금지 ······························· 7
(3) 환경기준과 배출허용기준······················ 7
(4) 직접규제에 대한 평가 ······················· 8
2. 경제적 정책수단·························· 8
(1) 경제적 정책수단의 의의 ······················ 8
(2) 재정적 특혜의 제공 ························ 8
(3) 재정적 부담의 제공 ························ 9
(4) 배출권거래제도·························· 10
3. 기타의 정책수단··························11
(1) 기획기법의 적용··························11
(2) 정부의 환경투자··························12
(3) 환경마크제도··························· 12
(4) 환경협상····························· 12
(5) 환경오염주체의 환경보전책임····················12
1. 환경정책의 개념
(1) 환경정책의 정의
환경정책(environmental policy)이란 환경문제의 해결을 위한 정부의 공공정책을 의미한다. 환언하면 환경에 악영향을 미치는 생산활동과 소비활동, 열악한 환경현상을 대상으로 하는 정부의 공공정책을 말한다. 환경정책은 다음과 같은 세부적인 활동을 포함한다고 볼 수 있다.
① 이미 발생한 환경오염의 제거와 감소
② 이미 발생한 환경오염으로 인한 인간 및 자연에 대한 폐해의 제거와 감소
③ 앞으로 다가올 인간, 동식물, 자연환경, 환경매체, 재난에 대한 위험의 제거와 감소
④ 미래세대와 다양한 생명체의 발전을 위한 여유공간의 유지와 확장
그러나 실무적 차원에서 볼 때 환경정책은 특정 환경매체의 치유지향적인 정책으로 이해되는 경향이 있다.
