from an atom
Ex. α-particle, β-particle,
X-ray, γ-ray
Free Radical :
molecule containing unpaired electrons
2. Effects of Ionizing Radiation
Radiation causes ionization of atoms which are forming cells.
→ Tissues
→ Organs
→ The whole body
Cellular Damage
Replicated improperly
Alteration
Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) ex. H2O2
‘Direct gaze’
Activates Social brain network
To many species - Aversive, Threat
To human - Foundation of Communication
“Violence”
+ Cute + Eye contact
1. Attract attention
2. Promote Brand
Plain model,
No catchy song
Same ‘message’
Emotion
Controversial, Yet Good!
Create good brand image
Actual market success
New Alternative Energy Source!!
Biodiesel
Bioethanol
Biogas
Biobutanol
A gaseous, liquid, or solid
substance of biological
origin that is used as a fuel
Cost-effective
Sustainable
Alternate gasoline
1st Generation: Food Sources
Food-Energy Conflicts, Farmland Problem
2nd Generation: Cellulosic Source
Difficul
remove large debris such as sticks, leaves, trash and other large particles
water stored in reservoirs for periods between a few days and many months to allow natural biological purification to take place
salts are treated with soda-ash (Na2CO3) to precipitate CaCO3 out utilizing the common-ion effect
chlorinated to minimize the growth of fouling organisms on the pipe-work and tanks
mediator release via sirtuin-NF-κB RelA/p65 interaction. Cigarette smoke decreased sirtuin levels and caused posttranslational modification by reactive aldehydes/reactive oxygen species/RNS, thereby disrupting SIRT1-RelA/p65 complex via phosphorylation (P) and acetylation (Ac) of RelA/p65. This leads to increased release of pro-inflammatory mediators. RNS, reactive nitrogen species.
agents and isolate the knockout cells.
2 .Bidirectional hydrogenase
1) Definition of bidirectional hydrogenase
Unlike uptake hydrogenase, bidirectional hydrogenases are helpful in hydrogen production. The biological role of bidirectional hydrogenase is thought to control ion levels in the organism. Bidirectional hydrogenase is associated with the cytoplasmic membrane and likely
species, ROS),
‘반응성이 매우 높은 산소 종류’
종류 : 초과산화수소이온, 과산화수소,
OH(하이드록시 라디칼), 싱클레트 옥시전 등.
미국 휘테이커 심혈관연구소, 보스턴 대학 의과대학, 더프츠 대학 의과대학, 프랑스 루이 파스퇴르 대학 혈액-면역연구소의 공동연구팀
지금까지는 자가면역질환
biologically nondegradable man-made materials.Determining how the NT-induced granulomas progress would require a longer-duration study with this biopersistent material.
• Granulomas were observed in lungs 7 d or 90 d after an instillation of 0.5 mg NT per mouse (also in some with 0.1 mg);
• NT, regardless synthetic methods, types and amounts of residual catalytic metals, produced
Hydroelectric plant construction endangers spotted seals.
: We have to develop for our wealth, but do we have to develop hurting any other creatures?
A massive river restoration project at the center of South Korean President Lee Myung-bak's green growth strategy will harm globally threatened bird species and destroy critical habitat, a conservation group's report said.
The section f
slightly thinner and elongated than B-DNA conformation.
The conformational change readily occurs in alternating Purine and Pyrimidine sequence.
Z-DNA is a higher energy conformation than B-DNA (ΔG near +4kcal/mol)
The roles of Z – DNA in biologic system are not clearly identified and an area of active study.
A high affinity Z-DNA Binding Protein , DRADA
hollow cylinders consisti