1. History of Victims’Role in Criminal Trials
Victim-dominated Criminal Justice System
Distrust to tyrant (Political view - Prosecutor)
Reduce operating cost (Economic view - Victim)
Decline of victims’ participation
Practical reason: high rate of crime, but low rate of apprehension
- Population, townman assistance, bounty hunter
Philosophical reason: enlightenment theory
- S
act of aggression which can and must be destroyed." In seeking this consensus a series of conventions have addressed the issues:
1) Tokyo 1963. Convention on Offenses and Certain Other Acts Committed On Board Aircraft-concerned with the whole subject of crime on aircraft and particularly with the safety of the aircraft and its passengers.
2) The Hague 1970. Convention for the Suppres
sense, should be based on accurate and timely intelligence concerning the intentions, capabilities and actions of terrorists before they reach the airport. Here too, international cooperation has a vital part to play, a fact underlined when the United States signed into law the Foreign Airport Security Act as part of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985.
also emerging as a serious social problem. Especially, mass media has a great influence on teenagers. According to Park (2009), mass communication is largely responsible for teenage crimes. For example, movies with violent scenes on television encourage teenagers to do copycat crimes. As a result, when they keep watching the violent scenes in the long term, they get insensitive to criminal acts.
Ⅰ. Introduction
1) Location
Russia is located in the north Eurasia continent (Far East Asia ~ Europe). Russia is the largest country in the world which is about 1/8 of the world’s land area. Because of this huge territory, there is an 11-hour time difference between East and West.
2) Climate
The huge territory of Russia also makes a various climate zone. Basically, Russia has continental