Laboratory Monitoring of Patients with HIV Infection
Patients with CD4+ T cell counts <200/L are at high risk of disease from P. jiroveci, while patients with CD4+ T cell counts <50/L are at high risk of disease from CMV, mycobacteria of the M. avium complex (MAC), and/or T. gondii. Patients with HIV infection should have CD4+ T cell measurements performed at the time of diagnosis and every 3&
80% of all new cases of tuberculosis were limited to the lungs
Symptoms and signs:
Nonspecific and insidious,
consisting mainly of fever and night sweats, weight loss, anorexia, general malaise, and weakness
Cough: nonproductive ->purulent sputum, blood streaking
Hemoptysis
Pleuritic chest pain
Dyspnea
Rales in the involved areas du
1882년 Robert Koch에 의해 Mycobacterium tuberculosis 발견
사람에서 사람으로 공기를 통하여 전파
인체 감염 : Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium bovis
Nontuberculosis Mycobacterium : AIDS 등 면역부전 환자에게 결핵과 유사한 폐질환 일으킴
그람양성막대균, 항산성 막대균(acid-fast bacilli)
약간 굽거나 곧은 막
LEPROSY
(hansen몶s disease)
What is leprosy
Leprosy (also known as Hansen몶s Disease) is a chronic, infectious disease involving the skin and nerves of infected individuals
What causes leprosy
Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (related to the TB mycobacterium). It is probably spread by airborne infection - coughing and sneezing
Transmission
Although the mode of transmission of Hansens