Ⅰ.Outline
1. Definition of Learning disability
The term "Learning Disabilities" usually refers to developmental problems in reading, writing, and arithmetic ―the "three Rs" of the classroom that are essential to learning as well as to everyday functioning.
2. Epidemiology
Prevalence of learning disabilities ranges from 2~10 percent of U.S. school children, with rates for b
Ⅰ.Outline
1. Definition of Learning disability
The term "Learning Disabilities" usually refers to developmental problems in reading, writing, and arithmetic ―the "three Rs" of the classroom that are essential to learning as well as to everyday functioning.
2. Epidemiology
Prevalence of learning disabilities ranges from 2~10 percent of U.S. school children, with rates for b
Introduction
Recent research indicates that becoming more aware of what readers do when they read, becoming conscious of their own reading processes, is a powerful tool for improving reading efficiency.
(Carrell 1989; Carson et al. 1990; Shih 1992)
Reading process of L1 readers
Automatic & Unconscious
→impossible to examine them
→visible only when they read a text
that is
conditions
Family
Socioeconomic status
Commuting time
Noise,heat,crowding
Air pollution
Cognitive Appraisal of Stressors
Primary appraisal : determining whether a stressor is irrelevant, posivtive , or stressful
Secondary appraisal : Assessing what might and can be done to reduce stress
Coping Strategies
Control strategy
Escape strategy
Symptom management strategy
3. Types of Learning disability
1) Academic Learning disability
These Disabilities are also respectively termed "dyslexia"(Reading Disorder), "dysgraphia"(Writing Disorder), and "dyscalculia"(Mathematics disorder). Youth with learning disabilities most are reading disabled.
(1) Reading Disability
Children with reading problems may struggle to read excessively slowly or