and Ross Ashby (1964) said that “Variety absorbs Variety.” The concepts mean the minimum number of choices that is necessary to avoid uncertainty. It can be used to allocate management resources necessary to maintain process viability. The company has to try increasing their own variety in order to better control the variety of the environment.
Variety attenuators means that we (or like i
and society.
Especially, bureaucratic corruption has been a prevalent phenomenon in the Korean society. The degree of corruption is very high in Korea.
A survey by Transparency International(TI) once ranked Korea 45th out of 174 other countries in terms of integrity standards(Corruption Perceptions Index, 2012).
Korea's bureaucratic corruption forms a kind of culture of corruption, which
and society.
• Especially, bureaucratic corruption has been a prevalent phenomenon in the Korean society. The degree of corruption is very high in Korea.
• A survey by Transparency International(TI) once ranked Korea 45th out of 174 other countries in terms of integrity standards(Corruption Perceptions Index, 2012).
• Korea's bureaucratic corruption forms a kind of culture of
1. Introduction
There is the rapid economic growth of East Asian countries and many scholars attribute these performances to the state's active intervention in the process of economic development. These East Asian countries were called "the developmental state"(henceforth DS). Japan and four East Asian dragons - Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong - have achieved economic grow
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