What is grammar?
Grammar
The study of the classes of words, their inflections,
their functions, and their relations in the sentence
2.The characteristic system of inflections and syntax of a language
1) 문법적이지만 용인 불가능한 경우(Grammatical but unacceptable)
ㄱ. Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.
cf) Dark green leaves rustle furiously.
⇒ Chomsky(1957)의 이 유명한 예문은 의미적으로 기이하기는 하지만 통사적으로는 아무런 하자가 없는 문장이다. 이 예문이 기이한 이유는 sleep이라는 동사가 주어에 가하
of sentences
Issues in Morphology
(1) Boldest can be divided into two parts (i.e., bold
+est), each of which has a meaning: bold cannot.
☞ Morphemes
(2) The word boy has a meaning in and of itself, the
word at does not. Rather, at indicates a
relationship between two meaningful expressions
(e.g., The boy at the door).
☞ Lexical / Grammatical morphemes
let's define what is comparative structure.
(1) Nobody arrived except John.
(2) uk-i-bakk-e sukcey-lul ha-ci-anh-ass-ta.
uk-COM-DELI assignment-ACC do-COMP-not-PAST-DECL.
'Nobody finished the assignment except Uk'
In those cases, English and Korean sentences imply comparison meaning.
We need to define a sentence's semantic features and, at the same time, to define
4. 수식어(adjunct)
: 부가적인 정보(시간, 장소, 방법, 목적 등)제공
Example
- John smokes cigars in his office.
5. 화제(topic)
: comma 뒤에 올 문장이 무엇에 관한 이야기일지 알림
6. 설명(comment)
: topic의 역할과 complement의 역할 동시에
수행
Examples
- Cigars, John never smokes them in his office.
- Cigars, John neve