momentum. These interactions may be phonon excitations, inter and intra band transitions, plasmon excitations or inner shell ionisations. The latter are particularly useful for detecting the elemental components of a material, as the energy transferred in such an interaction is related to the ionization potential of the atom, and therefore the spectrum can be compared to that of known samples.
RF magnetron sputtering system
In a high vacuum (>5×10−6 Torr) chamber
The ZnO (4 in., 99.9999%) and MgO (4 in., 99.9999%) targets
Co-sputtered by the gas mixture of high purity argon and oxygen
- Ar and O2 flow rates were 20 and 10 sccm
The growth temperature and time were 700 °C and 95 min
The RF power of the ZnO target was fixed to 300W
and the RF power of the MgO
이상의 별은 수소 핵융합 반응 이후에 헬륨, 탄소,
네온, 산소, 규소 등의 핵융합반응이 순차적으로 일어나며 최종적으
로 철의 핵을 갖는 적색 초거성(red giant star)으로 진화
2. 에너지 전달방식
(Method of energy transfer)
불투명도(opacity)
- 빛이 기체를 얼마나 통과하기 어려운가를 나타낸 척도
The transfer of thermal energy between neighboring molecules in a substance due to a temperature gradient.
2) It always takes place from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature, and acts to equalize temperature differences.
3) Conduction takes place in all forms of matter. (solids, liquids, gases and plasmas)
Thermal conductivity k is physical property of the su
(Up) Schematic diagram of apparatus used for RIE in semiconductor processing.
(Right) RIE system from Eidgenossische Technishe Hochschule Suiss Federal Institute of Technology
(http://www.ifm.ethz.ch/mems/eq_rie.htm
Wafer가 놓이는 전극에
RF전압을 인가하고, 공정압력을
낮게 유지하여 Plasma 중의 양이온이
Plasma sheath를 통해 가속되게
함으로써
RF sputtering will have new advantage for industrial applications
It can be considered that physical properties such as optical, electrical and morphological of ZnO thin film produced by RF sputtering strongly depend on O2 concentration during production
Thus, it can be possible to be adjusted for various industrial applications like window materials, optoelectronic devices, hard coating, etc.
transfer 에 관여
Factor III 은 methyl group에 binding 한다.
H4MPT은 5N position 에 묶인 methyl group 운반.
Coenzyme M (HS-CoM) 은 sulfur atom 에 붙은 methyl group 을 운반한다.
F430 은 methyl group 을 metal atom bind 시킨다.
Coenzyme B (CoB-SH) 와 methanophenazine (MP) 는 electron carrier이다.
(ⅰ) 연소 후 CO2 ,H2O만 발생
(비교
Converts sunlight directly into electricity
Non polluting
Long lasting sources of energy
No need of maintenance
In the long run, solar electricity is cheaper
Electrons of dye absorb solar energy
Electrons of dye are excited & Generate electron-hole pairs
Electrons transfer from dye to FTO via TiO2
1/2 I3- + e 3/2 I- at counter electrode
3/2 I- 1/2
transfer him
to the treatment center.
Theres no time for that.
Get him to the table.
Hang in there, captain.
Locating pathogens.
Jesus, look at that thing!
How much time?
Not enough. When he reaches code red,
the shield wont hold.
Engaging bio-etheric laser.
-What?
-Whered it go?
What is going on?
Weve lost contact.
lnfestation is moving deeper.
-Tracking.
-Theres no time.
-Tracking.
-Youll lose