20th century governments in the developed countries decided to expand public pensions. They decided to und them on a pay-as-you-go so called paygo basis. The paygo model was attractive compared to a fully funded basis. First, paygo appeared to be affordable. It did not require pre-funding for those who had already retired. Second, at program inception, the number of retired beneficiaries was comp
government. By the end of the world war I, Nestlé's production had more than doubled. After World war I the government contracts dried and people where switching back to fresh milk, but nestle management where quickly to respond to this, streamlining operations and reducing debt.
In the 1920:s nestle expanded into new products, which was chocolate which became the second most importan
2003)은 최근의 연구에서 교육자(educator)들의 교육 도피(flight)가 과업을 외부에서 통제하기 때문에 일어난다고 봄.
② 이 책에서 채택하고 있는 수업 지도(instructional leadership)에 관한 협력적 모형을 기술하기 위한 새로운 용어로 SuperVision을 사용함.
③ SuperVision은 교수(teaching)와 학습(learning)이 할 수 있는
2000, an excessive cheap money policy stance of FRB to stimulate economy contribute to revitalization of housing industry through mortgage finance.
The opening of 2000year, FRB had lowered Federal Fund Rate to 5.5% from 7.5%. So it offered a factor that make a bubble of housing industry through mortgage-loan.
Therefore FRM was reduced from 7.5% to 5.5% suddenly, ARM also was reduced from 7% to
금지하는 법령이다
60. Clean float : A floating exchange rate system in which there is absolutely no intervention by governments.
정부로 부터의 전도가 없는 평평한 환율 체계
61. Closed shop : A firm where workers are forced to become union members as a condition of employment.
고용의 조건으로 노동자가 조합의 일원이 되도록 강요받는 회사.