Filling up Powder at Sample Holder
X-ray diffractometer need to a flat sample plane of 1cm×2cm. We fill up powder at holder to obtain a flat sample plane. A procedure is below(Fig. 10) when we fill up at a general metal holder.
Fig. 10. Filling up at a general metal holder.
1) Put a sample over thick glass plate(A direction of sample holder surface is below).
2) Fill u
1. Introduction
1) Definition of preservation and food-spoilage micro-organisms
Food preservation is the process of treating and handling food to stop or greatly slow down spoilage (loss of quality, edibility or nutritive value) caused or accelerated by micro-organisms. Some methods, however, use benign bacteria, yeasts or fungi to add specific qualities and to preserve food (e.g., cheese, wine
● Definition of plasma
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solid, liquid, and gas. It is an ionized gas consisting of a collection of charged particles, including ions, electrons, and neutral atoms or molecules. Plasma can be found naturally in the universe in the form of stars, lightning, and auroras, but it can also be artificially created and controlled for
Introduction (What is plasma?)
1. Definition of plasma
Plasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solid, liquid, and gas. It is an ionized gas consisting of a collection of charged particles, including ions, electrons, and neutral atoms or molecules. Plasma can be found naturally in the universe in the form of stars, lightning, and auroras, but it can also be artif
Partial substitution of Ba by a smaller M2+ ion
unit cell volume decreases and the phase transition temperature decreases
An insulator at room temperature becomes semiconductive after doping
trivalent donars (e.g. La, Sb, Y) substitute for the Ba2+
pentavalent donars (e.g. Sb, Nb, Ta) substitute for Ti4+.
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