customs union): 협정의 범위와 정도에는 동맹국간의 관세를 완전히 폐지하거나 흑은 경감하는 등의 경우가 있다. 그러나 동맹국 이외의 나라와의 교역에 대하여서는 동맹국 간의 경우와는 달리 공통관세(共通關稅)를 적용하여야 한다. (대외적인 공통관세 유무에 따라 관세동맹과 자유무역지역(自由貿易
agreement (a form of trade pact) between two or more countries. If some countries sign agreement to form free trade area and choose to negotiate together (either as a trade bloc or as a forum of individual members of their FTA) another free trade agreement with some external country (or countries) — then the new FTA will consist of the old FTA plus the new country (or countries).
Within
agreements with Amazon to operate their online store which led Amazon become an IT service company and another source of revenue growth. Amazon offer a consulting service to other virtual retailers which helped Amazon enters into new market segments and improve its IT system by learning. Amazon not only broad their retail ventures but strengthen the customer-friendly features which would enhance
customers all over the world.
TSO: The Trading Service Office is responsible for the sourcing of IKEA products with good function and quality, at the lowest possible cost (landed is store). TSO is operating under service agreements with IKEA Trading Agents.
Suppliers of raw materials
Sub-supplier
Components: Component suppliers are specialists in producing components that later become part of
Customs Union: MERCOSUR)
③ 관세동맹에 추가해서 회원국간에 생산요소의 자유로운 이동이 가능한 공동시장
(Common Market)
④ 단일통화, 회원국의 공동의회 설치와 같은 정치·경제적 통합 수준의 단일시장
(Single Market)
FTA는 다자무역질서의 근간인 최혜국대우 (MFN) 원칙에 정면으로 배치되지만, WTO 규범은