1. Systematic Interlanguage Variation
√ linguistic environment
√ social condition
√ interlocutor
√ physical location
(Tarone 1979, 1988)
2. Debate between SLA researcher & theoretician
Non-variationist Variationist
View of language Language as an idealized form
(exclude variations) IL variation
(include variations)
Focus Internal mental pr
Debate between
SLA researcher & theoretician
3. Research Focus
4. Participants
5. Data Collection Method
6. Findings – the result of the research
7. Findings – Analysis
8. Limitation to generalize the theory
9. Conclusion & Significance
Occurring when a learner produces different variants of a particular IL form
1. Lingu
IL centers. This can help IL centers share the information and knowledge. Also, it will work to mediate the conflicts happening between centers.
In this model, only the highest organization is financed by the government and other social aids. By interpreting environment and understanding each center’s situation, it will distribute the money to the centers that seriously need money. In this way
debate with the VCP leaders occurred in a period when Soviet and Vietnamese strategic interests started to diverge from each other. From 1981 on, the Kremlin made persistent efforts to reach reconciliation with China, a precess viewed with distrust by Hanoi. Hanoi's reluctance to follow Moscow's example seems to have induced the CPSU leadership to put pressure on its independent-minded ally. Note
Of the factors which enabled Hanoi to enter the phase of comprehensive reforms, some have received much less coverage than others. Despite the wide array of publications about doi moi, relatively few scholars inquired into the possible influence of external factors - diplomacy, military policies, and foreign trade - on the economic decisions made by Vietnam's reform-oriented leaders. Vietnam's po