분야
ppt2.Problem of the PBL
- Disease specificity of the markers
3.Solution – using Troponin I, AK3
4.Detecting method – ELISA
5.Summary
Cardiovascular(heart) disease
- a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels
- the biggest cause of deaths worldwide
(Wikipedia)
Examples :
Coronary heart disease
Cardiomyopathy - diseases of cardiac muscle
Hypertensive heart disease - diseases of the heart secondary to high blood pressure
Heart failure
Cor pulmonale - a failure of the right side of the heart
Cardiac dysrhythmias - abnormalities of heart rhythm
Inflammatory heart disease
Valvular heart disease
Stroke and cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral arterial disease
Cardiovascular(heart) disease
- After cardiovascular disease symptom occurring, the concentration of cardiac enzyme in blood is increased.
Example : IMA급성심근경색증 diagnosis (acute myocardial infarction)
Over 50 % of the patients who visit an emergency room go back to home
Because of wrong diagnosis.
And 0.8 % of the wrong diagnosis lead patients to death.
Developing advanced diagnosis method is still needed
Yong Gu Ryu, “Characterization and Clinical Application of the Adenylate Kinase as a New Diagnostic Marker for Myocardial Infaction”, 2010
Example : IMA급성심근경색증 diagnosis (acute myocardial infarction)
Requirement of ideal cardiac marker for IMA diagnosis
Existing in cardiac muscle - not any other parts of the body.
Fast emission when the cell is damaged.
Quantity of released markers should be in direct proprotion to size of enzyme.
Easy to assay, stable, and cheap
Increasing markers after heart pain
Clearance: marker should be cleared rapidly to allow diagnosis of recurrent injury
- Almost cardiac enzymes are exist in the various part of the body
- We need a definite diagnosis method for heart desease
- Using various cardiac markers for diagnosis can increase specificity.
- Troponin seems to be proper enzyme can closely meet our goal.
- but It cannot be used for early diagnosis.
- A complex of three regulatory proteins(TnC, TnI, TnT) that is
integral to muscle contraction
Troponin C : Absorbing Ca, and moving tropomyosin complex for
muscle contraction
Troponin T : Binding Troponin C with tropomyosin
- Troponin I : In the resting condition, binding tropomyosin with actin
