1.2.2. The Law of Requisite Variety
The Law of Requisite Variety says that the number of different states of a system’s control mechanism must be higher than or at least equal to the number of (possible) different states in the system being controlled, in order to guarantee stability. But in reality, the variety of the environment is larger than the variety of the organization.
Stafford Beer
system can be seen very faithful. So Google is able to make immense profit.
AdSense
Adsense is a service that, by writing adequate advertisements on general websites, their sysops are given money according to the frequency of visitors' every click. These advertisement model become an advertisement market which is made by voluntary demands of netizen, so the territory of advertisement extend to
Problem: Needed global production platform; existing infrastructure was a hodge-podge of different systems, platforms; data did not flow between systems
Solutions: Standardized on Oracle E-Business Suite 12, an enterprise application with modules for multiple functions
With integrated system, Severstal NA is able to optimize end-to-end processes instead of individual processes; to deliver highe
HR systems and practices of PwC Samil
Founded in 1971, Samil has become number one accounting firm in Korea in terms of the sales, market share and the number of employees (*see the exhibit 1). As being the undisputed leader in the accounting industry, analyzing the HR systems of Samil will give us deep understandings of how accounting firms manage their employees.
PriceWaterhouseCoop
1. 머리말
1.1. Ubiquitous computing란?
유비퀴토스(ubiquitous). 라틴어로 편재(遍在)한다. 또는 어디에도 있다. 라는 뜻이다. 이 단어를 앞에 둔 유비퀴토스 컴퓨팅(ubiquitous computing)을 그대로 직역 한다면 어디든지 컴퓨터가 있는 세계라는 말로 표현된다. PC나 휴대전화
autonomy)
- 사용자나 다른 에이전트의 직접적인 지시나 간섭 없이도 스스로 판단하여 행동 하는 성질
- 능동적으로 작업 수행을 진행
- 에이전트는 수행 동작이나 내부 상태변화 등에 대한 제어권 보유
- 사용자로 하여금 상위단계 목적 (high-level goal)에 집중을 유도
지능 (intelligence)
- 지식 베이
systems were often needed to remove excess water.
Until the late nineteenth century, Finland's isolation required that most farmers concentrate on producing grains to meet the country's basic food needs. In the fall, farmers planted rye; in the spring, southern and central farmers started oats, while northern farmers seeded barley. Farms also grew small quantities of potatoes, other root crops,
2. Current situation
2.1 Business Model
- Speed and Decision making
Ortega, Castellano wanted to take advantage of the intelligence and trust the judgement of employees throughout the company, instead of relying on a small set of decision makers. So store managers were given much more responsibility than those at other large clothing chains.
A group of people at La Coruna called "co