and speech mechanisms, to allow
them to make executive decisions in the
event of a crisis situation. These judgment
centers are controlled by a fail-safe mechanism.
INTERIOR - CONTROL ROOM
DOOLITTLE
Lock fail safe.
Pinback turns a key in a lock.
PINBACK
Fail-safe locked. Ah, Sergeant Pinback
calling Bomb #19. Do you read me, bomb?
EXTERIOR - BOMB BAY
The bomb is suspended beneath
“The effect of physical appearance on the judgment of guilt, interpersonal attraction, and severity of recommended punishment in a simulated jury task”
You find a wallet on the street . There are 100 dollars in the wallet.
Is it permutable to take it?
judgment and cognitive performance suffer through compromise to the neural processes of emotional regulation. Some stress is essential to meet challenges and can lead to better cognition and learning, but beyond a certain level it has the opposite effect. Concerning positive emotions, one of most powerful triggers that motivates people to learn is the illumination that comes with the grasp of new
grammatical competence)에 국한
Hymes(1972)
Competence: ‘communicative competence’로 확대
-> the rules of grammar + the rules of use (appropriateness)
*
Example: p. 25-26
*
I. Communicative Competence
Canale & Swain (1985): 제2언어 교육관점에서 ‘communicative competence’를 정의
Components of ‘Communicative Competence’
Grammatical competence
Discourse competence
Socio
Grammatical syllabuses
-문법상의 단순, 복잡 등의 개념에 따라서 선택되고, 등급화되어지는
교수요목 모형.
하나하나 배워나가는 것은 배운 내용을 바탕으로 다음 단계의 토대를
준비하는 것.
-문법 중심 교수요목에 내재되어 있는 기본 가정
1)언어는 의미를 만들어 내기 위해 여러 가지 방법으로 조합될 수
Construct of CC (Michael Canale & Merril Swain)
Grammatical Competence
: aspect of CC that encompasses “knowledge of lexical items and rules of morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar semantics, and phonology.”
Discourse Competence
: the ability we have to connect sentences in stretches of discourse and to form a meaningful whole out of a series of utterances.
→ Reflect the us
grammatical or phonological features. The most difficult level to learn is ‘over-differentiation (level4)’ and ‘split (level5)’.
The ‘over-differentiation’ means that a new item entirely, bearing little if any similarity to the native language item, must be learned such as definite/indefinite article, There construction, Relative nouns and aspect of the verb. In addition, split is t
of
the private education load
-> It not only increases the private education load but also the psychological stress of the university students
Ⅱ Why is it controversial?
The four students in KAIST had committed suicide
Junior High and High school’s public English Education
Too much focus on written language attaining
Passage reading
Find out grammatical error
task structure of the activity. Before Danny reply a question, the teacher reemphasizes one part of the academic task structure, namely, long sentences, by stating, “Okay, What time is Joe meeting Dave at the park? What time (pause) is Joe meeting Dave at the park?” The teacher’s initiation, “What time is Joe meeting Dave at the park?” asks to students that they are to answer using
Ⅰ. 서론
영어과 교육 과정의 개정 중점에는 ‘과제 중심(task-based)’이라는 용어를 사용하며, ‘체험 활동을 통하여 영어에 흥미를 가지고 자연스럽게 배울 수 있도록 하기 위해서(중략)언어활동은 그 자체가 하나의 의사전달 과정이므로 학생들이 과업에 참여하여 적극적으로 의미 있는 메시지를 전