Fractional crystallization
method of refining substances based on differences in solubility.
mixture of two or more substances in solution is allowed to crystallize, for example by allowing the temperature of the solution to decrease, the precipitate will contain more of the least soluble substance
Solubility :
the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solu
Measurement of Density
The mass is normally measured with an appropriate scale or balance.
The volume may be measured directly (from the geometry of the object) or by the displacement of a fluid.
Hydrostatic weighing is a method that combines these two.
2. Specific Gravity
It is the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference materia
much more efficient than a simple retort due to its use for liquid cooling
a Liebig condenser can condense a much greater flow of incoming vapour than an air condenser or retort
1.Place 18.3ml of nitrobenzene and add 25g of iron
powder in 3-neck flask with shaking.
2. Add the 6ml of hydrochloric acid slowly, as cooling
nitrobenzene using condenser. (Keep up 50~60℃)
use of SiGe/Si superlattice structures attached to silicon substrates, have received increasing attention for hot spot thermal management because these solid-state devices are compact, light weight, have no moving parts, and are capable of providing localized, high-flux, on-chip active cooling.
Table I provides the thermal and electrical properties for three typical thermoelectric materials,
Na/NaxC6
New anode material made of carbons, (NaxC6). There is the average voltage on the low potential plateau ( higher on the Na cells than the Li cells ).
NaV1−xCrxPO4F
retain more energy
Na2FePO4F
mixture with Li2FePO4F
Cathode electrode Anode electrode Electrolyte Cell volt Energy Density
(Wh/kg)
NiMH
Battery Nickel oxide
(ex. NiO2H) Hydrogen occlusion alloy G
ribeye, melted cheddar and Monterey cheese, cilantro, onions and Korean peppers.
The Bulgogi Brother's in Dubai could use similar strategy as "Bulgogi Tacos" providing less stimulating but customer oriented tastes especially for the Middle Eest customers. For example, the "Bulgogi shawarma" could be favorable menu for Middle East customers. The fusion of Middle East traditional food and korean
Human impact: the percentage of human influence relative to the maximum influence recorded for each biome.
Data include:
human population density
land transformation (including global landcover, roads, and cities)
electrical power infrastructure (NOAA night-lights data)
access (via roads, avigable rivers, and coastline) to the land
Humans have been successful in their efforts to av
ML2 means the maskless lithography. It is necessary to refinement process. Described above, "double / mutiful patterning" in additional cost savings as an alternative to be appropriate. Nano devices with decreasing the size of the unilateral use light to produce a mask for the lithography process takes time and cost. Small production of nano scale patterning process is suitable, and the suitable
use of oil
Application.
High vacuum pump is used for many parts like process of semiconductor, IC, nuclear fusion reactor and etcetera. Recently, high vacuum is especially used in aerospace industry and process of solar cell.[1]
Ultra High Vacuum
Definition.
Ultra high vacuum region is defined as the pressure lower than 10 to the minus 8.
Generally, there are three steps to make Ultr
→ ALD is based on the sequential use of a gas phase
chemical process. ALD film growth is self-limited and
based on surface reactions, which makes achieving
atomic scale deposition control possible.
☞ Self-limited growth
☞ Atomic scale deposition
☞ Easy way to produce
uniform, crystalline,
high quality thin films.
-결정성 평가
-FWHM (Full wi