intrinsic factor which includes: accomplishment, recognition, responsibility, development and so on. Hygiene factors are salary, working environment, stability, and human relationship, etc which are all extrinsic factors. Although Two-factor theory gained a lot of recognition, it has drawn some criticisms too. To list some of them, first, it does not take account of individual differences which c
rated this item much more highly than did business managers. The findings show that public workers are having work ethics that intrinsic rewards such as work interest, serving for the community, sense of accomplishment take priority over extrinsic rewards such as pay or job security. (현대인사행정론, p.6)
James Perry and Lois Wise(1990) defined PSM as “an individual’s predisposit
20세기 초 위대한 리더(great man)에 관한 이론은 특성이론(trait theories)로 발전되었다.
Trait : 한 개인의 능력, 동기 또는 행동의 패턴을 포함하는 일반적인 특성을 지칭한다.
20세기 중반까지 Trait 이론들은 리더는 다른 사람들과 구분되는 특성이 있다고 주장해 왔다.
20세기 중반 Ralph stogdill 이 그때까지
Early Instructional Theory
Basic principles of Curriculum and Instruction
Mastery Learning and Individualized Instruction
- The Model of school learning.
- Human Characteristics and School Learning.
Cognitive Theory of Instruction.
Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction
Ralph Tyler
Develop basic principles for instruction.
Four Basic principles
-Identifying the purposes
초등영어기초이론 Final Exam Study Guide
*1~4번 모두 Second Language Acquisition(SLA, 제2언어 습득이론)과 연관된 개념ㅋ
*2번은 Krashen의 입력 가설(Input Hypothesis)와 연관이 있기 때문에 Input Hypothesis 설명하고 나서 Output Hypothesis 설명하겠음 (2번 다음에 1번 설명 있음)
* Input Hypothesis: 언어 습득이 이루어지기 위